Hawthorne Effect

Being observed can change behaviour.

01 / UNDERSTAND

The idea

People may behave differently when they know they are part of a study. The term covers a complicated and debated set of explanations rather than one predictable effect. Reduce pressure and compare findings with other evidence.

People may alter behaviour when they know it is being observed or evaluated. A usability participant might read instructions more carefully than usual or describe an intention they will not follow later. Treat observation conditions as part of the evidence. Compare what people say with task behaviour and other relevant signals.

02 / RECOGNISE

See it in real products.

Examples of how the principle can appear in an interface.

AheadEXAMPLE 01

Show that answers contribute to personalisation

Ahead acknowledges that it is learning from a user’s answers. The example illustrates how perceived attention to input can influence the care someone gives it.

Ahead · Interface example
HingeEXAMPLE 02

Reflect information back for verification

Hinge shows the age calculated from a birth date and asks for confirmation. Reflecting the result makes the implication of the entered data more visible.

Hinge · Interface example

03 / CONNECT

Why it matters.

Observation can influence what people do and how carefully they answer. Record the conditions of a study and avoid treating stated enthusiasm as guaranteed future use.

Possible influences to investigate, rather than guaranteed outcomes for every product.

04 / APPLY

Put it into practice.

  1. 01

    Avoid signalling a preferred answer

  2. 02

    Use familiar task conditions

  3. 03

    Triangulate with other evidence

05 / EXPLORE WITH UPSLIDE

Apply it with Upslide.

Use a practical guide, read a deeper explanation.

Keep exploring

70 PRINCIPLES TO EXPLORE

The UX glossary

Current principle: 27 of 70 · Alphabetical order

THE UX GLOSSARY

Find your next idea.

PASS THE IDEA ALONG

Share this page

LinkedIn WhatsApp Email

UPSLIDE DESIGN STUDIO

Watch the explainer

Playback unavailable? Watch on YouTube ↗

SHARE WHAT YOU NOTICED

Contribute an example.

Share a screenshot and a few words. We’ll review it before publishing.

Add links or contact details (optional)

Reviewed by the Upslide team.