Cognitive Dissonance

Conflicting beliefs and experiences can create discomfort.

01 / UNDERSTAND

The idea

People can feel tension when their actions, expectations or beliefs do not fit together. In a product, an unexpected consequence can undermine confidence. Address the inconsistency with clear information and a way to act.

A person’s behaviour can conflict with their picture of themselves: wanting to be healthy while craving fast food, for example. They may justify the behaviour, change it, or adopt a balancing behaviour. A product can expose this tension, reduce it, or unintentionally make it worse. The response can affect both continued use and the accuracy of self-reported information.

02 / RECOGNISE

See it in real products.

Examples of how the principle can appear in an interface.

One SecEXAMPLE 01

Make a chosen boundary visible

One Sec offers a mirror intervention when someone attempts to open a restricted app. Seeing themselves creates a pause between their earlier intention and their immediate action.

One Sec · Interface example
MonzoEXAMPLE 02

Bring back the user’s own reasons

Monzo lets someone record a personal explanation for enabling a gambling block. Revisiting that message when disabling it reconnects the decision to their earlier intention.

Monzo · Interface example
Netflix · Thought experimentEXAMPLE 03

What would a watch-time recap make you feel?

A hypothetical Netflix watch-time recap explores the discomfort of a gap between behaviour and self-image. This is a thought experiment.

Example source

03 / CONNECT

Why it matters.

Conflict with self-image can influence feature use, habits and comfort. It can also make self-reported intentions unreliable, so observe behaviour as well as stated plans.

Possible influences to investigate, rather than guaranteed outcomes for every product.

04 / APPLY

Put it into practice.

  1. 01

    Align promises with actual behaviour

  2. 02

    Explain changes and surprises

  3. 03

    Offer correction or reversal

05 / EXPLORE WITH UPSLIDE

Apply it with Upslide.

Use a practical guide, read a deeper explanation, or examine a related Upslide project.

Keep exploring

70 PRINCIPLES TO EXPLORE

The UX glossary

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Reviewed by the Upslide team.